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US: dairy sector
This page contains data regarding key components of the United States dairy industry over a given time period.
The purpose of this report is two-fold:
- on the one hand, it highlights the complexity of the industry, which should be considered from several viewpoints:
the commodities area, the variety of dairy derivatives, imports, exports and domestic consumption; - on the other hand, it exemplifies the framework of a market that equates large domestic consumption figures (supported by import volumes) to large production figures.
Latest climate weekly reports about precipitations and temperatures.
Total Precipitation: level of rainfall;
Temperature anomalies: variation compared to historical mean temperature;
Min Temperature: minimum temperature;
Max Temperature: maximum temperature;
Total Precipitation
Temperature anomalies
Min Temperature
Max Temperature
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| US: DAIRY SECTOR | ||||||||||
| x 1.000 ton | ||||||||||
| RAW MATERIAL AREA | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | % | Period | ||
| Farms ('000) | 2.023 | 2.019 | 2.012 | 2.003 | ||||||
| Number of cows ('000 head) | 9.347 | 9.434 | 9.383 | 9.404 | 9.411 | 9.419 | +0,1% | Jan-Aug 2023 | ||
| Cow's milk production | 99.084 | 101.292 | 102.646 | 102.722 | 69.093 | 69.367 | +0,4% | Jan-Aug 2023 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | +2,2% | +1,3% | +0,1% | |||||||
| Farm-gate milk price € x 100 Kg ** | 36,76 | 35,00 | 34,59 | 53,13 | 52,58 | 41,00 | -22,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | -4,8% | -1,2% | +53,6% | |||||||
| Corn price (North West Iowa, IA) (€\Ton) | 130,3 | 116,8 | 194,4 | 267,0 | 267,5 | 229,3 (p) | -14,3% | Jan-Sep 2023 | ||
| Soybeans price (Western Illinois, IL) (€\Ton) | 295,5 | 320,0 | 450,1 | 571,4 | 582,3 | 520,7 (p) | -10,6% | Jan-Sep 2023 | ||
| DAIRY PRODUCTION | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | % | Period | ||
| Liquid milk | 21.054 | 21.031 | 20.190 | |||||||
| Butter | 905 | 973 | 936 | 934 | 569 | 592 | +4,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cream Sour | 646 | 663 | 677 | 678 | 385 | 388 | +0,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cheese | 5.959 | 6.005 | 6.242 | 6.379 | 3.726 | 3.739 | +0,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Italian Mozzarella | 2.039 | 2.016 | 2.040 | 2.099 | 1.218 | 1.215 | -0,2% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cheddar | 1.695 | 1.737 | 1.801 | 1.798 | 1.058 | 1.084 | +2,5% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Americal Colby & Jack & Monterey | 678 | 685 | 746 | 760 | 442 | 451 | +2,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cream & Neufchatel | 424 | 459 | 465 | 513 | 304 | 299 | -1,6% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Italian Parmesan & Similar | 187 | 190 | 220 | 224 | 129 | 132 | +2,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Italian Provolone & Similar | 174 | 166 | 172 | 174 | 102 | 96 | -6,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Hispanic | 151 | 157 | 160 | 175 | 99 | 105 | +6,7% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Swiss | 153 | 147 | 150 | 159 | 95 | 90 | -5,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Italian Ricotta & Similar | 111 | 115 | 114 | 112 | 64 | 61 | -4,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Muenster | 89 | 85 | 87 | 87 | ||||||
| Feta | 59 | 62 | 77 | 64 | 36 | 39 | +8,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Blue e Gorgonzola | 43 | 33 | 40 | 42 | 25 | 22 | -11,7% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Italian Romano & Similar | 25 | 25 | 31 | 26 | 15 | 13 | -17,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Gouda | 22 | 20 | 26 | 28 | 18 | 16 | -10,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Brick | 0,9 | 0,7 | 0,9 | 0,7 | ||||||
| Altri formaggi | 107 | 107 | 114 | 117 | 68 | 64 | -6,4% | Jan- 2023 | ||
| Cottage Cream | 162 | 165 | 154 | 156 | 90 | 99 | +9,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cottage Curd | 177 | 172 | 163 | 164 | 95 | 103 | +7,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Cottage Lowfat | 149 | 140 | 138 | 133 | 79 | 84 | +7,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| WMP (whole milk powder) | 64 | 63 | 67 | 62 | 37 | 30 | -20,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| NDM (skimmed milk powder) | 840 | 885 | 929 | 893 | 569 | 579 | +1,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| SMP (skimmed milk powder) | 260 | 315 | 317 | 298 | 157 | 130 | -17,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Whey powder | 443 | 435 | 405 | 415 | 246 | 251 | +2,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 203 | 262 | 249 | 253 | ||||||
| Lactose | 556 | 508 | 509 | 504 | 298 | 293 | -1,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate) | 223 | 217 | 210 | 205 | 116 | 131 | +12,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| WPI 90 (Whey Protein Isolated) | 54 | 51 | 59 | 59 | 37 | 29 | -20,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Yogurt | 1.986 | 2.046 | 2.152 | 2.097 | 1.235 | 1.278 | +3,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Frozen Yogurt (Mio Litri) | 215 | 133 | 153 | 173 | 107 | 108 | +0,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Ice cream, regular, hard (Mio Litri) | 2.685 | 2.903 | 2.726 | 2.751 | 1.631 | 1.633 | +0,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Ice cream lowfat, total (Mio Litri) | 1.794 | 1.752 | 1.808 | 1.690 | 1.039 | 991 | -4,6% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Ice cream, lowfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 902 | 949 | 865 | 828 | 501 | 502 | +0,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Ice cream, lowfat, soft (Mio Litri) | 892 | 803 | 943 | 861 | 538 | 489 | -9,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| Ice cream, nonfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 26 | 21 | 25 | 28 | 17 | 17 | -2,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | ||
| EXPORT | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
106 | 106 | 120 | 120 | 77 | 61 | -21,5% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
25 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 18 | 21 | +16,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
18 | 11 | 16 | 20 | 12 | 11 | -3,6% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
29 | 27 | 57 | 82 | 45 | 25 | -44,5% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
7,0 | 5,1 | 13 | 16 | 10,0 | 4,2 | -58,2% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
361 | 358 | 404 | 454 | 268 | 252 | -6,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
704 | 816 | 880 | 837 | 495 | 490 | -0,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 25 | 16 | -34,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
439 | 546 | 592 | 663 | 380 | 309 | -18,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
404 | 504 | 551 | 615 | 353 | 281 | -20,5% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
1,9 | 1,9 | 1,8 | 2,1 | 1,4 | 0,7 | -48,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
1,5 | 1,6 | 2,1 | 2,5 | 1,5 | 1,3 | -13,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
293 | 304 | 322 | 413 | 235 | 256 | +8,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
85 | 75 | 69 | 40 | 24 | 21 | -13,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
34 | 32 | 28 | 29 | 18 | 18 | -1,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
17 | 37 | 41 | 41 | 25 | 27 | +5,2% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
163 | 173 | 162 | 176 | 96 | 109 | +14,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
48 | 59 | 65 | 65 | 38 | 42 | +11,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| IMPORT | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
12 | 33 | 35 | 26 | 15 | 15 | +0,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
18 | 25 | 19 | 32 | 15 | 30 | +105,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
30 | 26 | 23 | 37 | 21 | 21 | -1,0% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
68 | 69 | 63 | 73 | 40 | 47 | +17,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
24 | 27 | 14 | 21 | 12 | 12 | -3,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
181 | 165 | 188 | 189 | 102 | 102 | -0,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
0,5 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,6 | 0,4 | 0,5 | +36,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
14 | 23 | 12 | 16 | 8,4 | 9,0 | +7,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
91 | 84 | 84 | 79 | 50 | 48 | -2,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
48 | 41 | 44 | 44 | 26 | 27 | +4,6% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
49 | 46 | 53 | 81 | 39 | 34 | -11,1% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
20 | 21 | 22 | 24 | 13 | 19 | +41,2% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
3,2 | 2,7 | 2,9 | 3,2 | 1,8 | 2,1 | +12,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
0,3 | 0,5 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,3 | 0,5 | +69,8% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
3,3 | 9,3 | 17 | 42 | 20 | 21 | +6,7% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
26 | 25 | 27 | 35 | 20 | 25 | +22,4% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
181 | 195 | 230 | 255 | 149 | 148 | -0,3% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
14 | 8,5 | 14 | 11 | 7,0 | 5,2 | -24,9% | Jan-Jul 2023 | |
| STOCK (al 31 December) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023 | % | Period | ||
| Butter | 86 | 124 | 90 | 98 | 143 | 150 | +5,2% | Jul 2023 | ||
| Cheese (no fresh cheese) | 600 | 633 | 654 | 656 | 690 | 675 | -2,2% | Jul 2023 | ||
| SMP Human Use | 112 | 131 | 115 | 116 | 151 | 128 | -15,0% | Jul 2023 | ||
| SMP Animal Use | 5,7 | 3,9 | 2,7 | 3,7 | 3,7 | 3,2 | -13,6% | Jul 2023 | ||
| WMP (Whole Milk Powder) | 5,5 | 7,7 | 11 | 6,9 | 7,4 | 4,0 | -46,2% | Jul 2023 | ||
| Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 16 | 16 | 21 | 18 | ||||||
| Whey Powder Human Use | 32 | 29 | 25 | 31 | 32 | 38 | +17,7% | Jul 2023 | ||
| Whey Powder Animal Use | 0,4 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,6 | 0,5 | 1,6 | +194,8% | Jul 2023 | ||
| WPC | 30 | 29 | 31 | 37 | 34 | 37 | +8,3% | Jul 2023 | ||
| I° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC Human Use | 30 | 28 | 30 | 37 | 34 | 37 | +7,9% | Jul 2023 | ||
| - WPC Animal Use | 0,3 | 0,4 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,7 | +36,6% | Jul 2023 | ||
| 2° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC 25-49.9% s.s. | 12 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 15 | +46,6% | Jul 2023 | ||
| - WPC 50-89.9% s.s. | 18 | 16 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 22 | -8,5% | Jul 2023 | ||
| Lactose | 50 | 56 | 76 | 78 | 76 | 66 | -14,1% | Jul 2023 | ||
| DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION (Source: FAS-USDA) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023(f) | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 5.751 | 5.745 | 5.964 | 6.055 | 6.055 | 6.198 | +2,4% | Jan-Dec 2023 | Butter | 940 | 978 | 981 | 924 | 924 | 1.003 | +8,5% | Jan-Dec 2023 | SMP | 422 | 384 | 374 | 366 | 366 | 388 | +6,0% | Jan-Dec 2023 | WMP | 36 | 34 | 33 | 40 | 40 | 41 | +2,5% | Jan-Dec 2023 |
| PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONS (kg) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023(f) | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 17,20 | 17,10 | 17,70 | 17,90 | ||||||
| Butter | 2,81 | 2,91 | 2,91 | 2,73 | ||||||
| SMP | 1,26 | 1,14 | 1,11 | 1,08 | ||||||
| WMP | 0,11 | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,12 | ||||||
| % Self-sufficiency | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | ||||||
| SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022 | 2023(f) | % | Period | ||
| GDP (gross domestic product) | 2,29% | -2,77% | 5,95% | 2,06% | 2,06% | 1,93% | Jan-Dic 2023 | |||
| CPI (consumer price index) | 1,81% | 1,23% | 4,70% | 8,00% | 8,00% | 4,11% | Jan-Dic 2023 | |||
| Population ('000) | 334.320 | 335.942 | 336.998 | 338.290 | ||||||
| GDP per capita (U.S. dollars) | 65.052 | 63.079 | 69.231 (e) | 76.027 (e) | ||||||
| GDP per capita (€) * | 58.106 | 55.189 | 58.535(e) | 72.197(e) | ||||||
(e) estimated
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2023-09-22
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Vedi Metric Conversion Factors
| METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS | ||||
| 1 Hectare = 2.4710 Acres; 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 Pounds | ||||
| 1 Metric Ton | := | Domestic Unit | * | Factor |
| Wheat & Soybeans | := | bushels | * | 0.027216 |
| Rice | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Rapeseed & Sunflowerseed | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Corn, Sorghum & Rye | := | bushels | * | 0.025401 |
| Barley | := | bushels | * | 0.021772 |
| Oats | := | bushels | * | 0.014515 |
| Sugar | := | short tons | * | 0.907185 |
| Cotton | := | 480-lb bales | * | 0.217720 |
|
UK cwt: in UK CWT is "long hundred weight" (long is equivalent to gross) = 112 lbs, that equals to 50.8024 Kg. USA cwt : in USA CWT is "short hundred weight" (short is equivalent to net)=100 lbs, that equals to 45.3592 Kg. |
||||
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2023-09-22
| US: Export on Production | |||||
| Product | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Jul 2023 | Jan-Jul 2023 |
| Butter | 2,8% | 6,1% | 8,8% | 4,8% | 4,3% |
| Cheese | 6,0% | 6,5% | 7,1% | 7,0% | 6,7% |
| WMP | 61,6% | 58,4% | 62,8% | 81,5% | 55,1% |
| SMP | 80,4% | 83,1% | 81,8% | 73,2% | 69,2% |
| Whey | 74,8% | 82,8% | 94,4% | 47,1% | 57,1% |
| Lactose | 74,5% | 76,8% | 89,8% | 90,2% | 94,2% |
NOTE:
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code