Climatic phenomena
This page contains the analysis of climatic phenomena in the world, with a specific focus on El Niño and La Niña.
The analyzed data come from: USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and Met Office (UK's national weather service).
Content overview:
- Global maps on drought and vegetation growth
- El Niño/La Niña event detection
- Calendar of the effects of El Niño and La Niña around the world
During January 2026 No El Niño or La Niña events are recorded
Global maps on drought and vegetation growth
La mappa a sinistra rappresenta lo stato dell’indice di Rischio di Siccità, un indicatore utile per monitorare la salute dei suoli e valutare il potenziale rischio di crisi idrica, legato alla scarsità di acqua disponibile nel terreno.
La mappa a destra mostra invece l’andamento dell’Indice di Condizione della Vegetazione, che include anche le aree agricole. Questo parametro misura l’impatto dei fenomeni climatici più recenti sulla vegetazione e sui terreni, evidenziando la variazione rispetto allo stesso periodo dell’anno precedente.
Eventi climatici globali come El Niño e La Niña possono influenzare in modo significativo il manifestarsi e l’intensità di questi fenomeni.
Through the drop-down menu it is possible to select a geographic area to deepen the analysis on the climatic conditions in progress.
After selecting the area of interest, the following maps will be displayed:
The first map shows the total rainfall recorded, with the corresponding amount in mm. The next one shows the temperature anomalies, intended as a variation compared to the historical average (degree Celsius). The last map analyzes the situation of the minimum and maximum temperature, always expressed in degree Celsius.
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
El Niño/La Niña event detection
The ONI index (Oceanic Niño Index) measures anomalies related to the ocean temperatures, allowing to detect the occurrence of El Niño or La Niña events.
- Index value higher than + 0.5 ° C: El Niño event
- Index value lower than - 0.5 ° C: La Niña event
Calendar of the effects of El Niño and La Niña in the world
The chart reports a summary of the effects usually caused by El Niño and La Niña.
The chart shows the effects that El Nino and La Nina events usually have in different parts of the world. Those effects can be summarized in two phenomena: drought (in red) and excessive rainfall (in blue). In the vertical axis we have the geographical areas affected by these phenomena, while the horizontal axis shows the months of the year. For example, If we refer to La Niña, Argentina is highlighted in red for the month of April, which means that drought is expected there during that month. This information can be analyzed along with the crop calendar for agricultural products, to have an idea of the possible impact on crops.